This is literally a huge pile of batteries that can charge at any rate at any time. It can soak the noon peak of solar, it can sip late night wind.

This has always been the case. When Windows XP came out people hated it needed 64MB (not GB) of RAM, because that was more than the entire disk installation of Windows 95, which was also bloated compared to older Macs and Amigas.

Epic sponsoring Godot was a 4D chess move against Unity.

https://godotengine.org/article/godot-engine-was-awarded-epic-megagrant/

Only signed overflow. size_t is unsigned.

I don’t know about C++, but in Rust the push is inline, and still doesn’t always optimize checks away due to an annoying edge case: integer overflow. Reserving (old_len + new_len) could give you a smaller buffer than new_len. The optimizer sees it and is pedantic about it.